Izazinzulu zenze iseti yeetafile "eziluhlaza" ezenziwe ngomoba kunye ne-bamboo eziluncedo nezisebenzayo, ezithembisa ukuba zinokuba zezinye iindlela ezinokuba zezinye iikomityi zeplastiki kunye nezinye izikhongozeli zeplastiki ezisetyenziswa kanye. Nangona iiplastiki zemveli okanye iipolymers ezinokubola zingathatha ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka engama-450 okanye amaqondo obushushu aphezulu ukuba zibole, ezi zinto zingenabungozi kwaye zinobuhlobo nendalo zibola kwiintsuku ezingama-60 kuphela kwaye zicocekile ngokwaneleyo ukugcina ikofu yakho yasekuseni okanye ukutya okuthathwe. Inqaku malunga nale ndlela yeplastiki lipapashwe kwijenali iMatter ngoNovemba 12, 2020.
“Ukuba ndithetha inyani, xa ndandifika eMelika okokuqala ngo-2007, ndothuswa kukuxhaphaka kweekhonteyina zeplastiki ezisetyenziswa kanye kwiivenkile ezinkulu,” utsho umbhali ohambelanayo uJulie Hongli waseNortheastern University. “Zenza ubomi bethu bube lula ngakumbi, kodwa zikwaba yinkunkuma engaboliyo kwimeko-bume.” Kamva, ukubona izitya zeplastiki, iipleyiti, kunye nezixhobo zokusela zilahlwa kwinkunkuma kwiisemina nakwiintlanganiso kwamenza wazibuza, “Ngaba singazisebenzisa izinto ezihlala ixesha elide?”
Bekhangela ezinye iindlela ezingasetyenziswayo kwiikhonteyina zokutya zeplastiki, uZhu kunye noogxa bakhe baguqukela kwi-bamboo kwaye yenye yezona ndawo zinkulu zenkunkuma yeshishini lokutya: i-bagasse yomoba. Iqela lidibanise iifayibha ze-bamboo ezinde, ezibhityileyo kunye neefayibha ze-bagasse ezimfutshane, ezixineneyo ukuze benze i-mesh exineneyo kwaye bavelisa izikhongozeli ngezi zinto zimbini ezizinzileyo ngoomatshini kwaye zibola. Ezi zikhongozeli zintsha ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo azipheleli nje ekubeni zomelele njengeplastiki kwaye zikwazi ukugcina ulwelo, kodwa zicocekile kunezikhongozeli ezibolayo ezenziwe ngezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo, ezinokuthi zingangcoliswa ngokupheleleyo. Ziqala ukubola emhlabeni emva kweentsuku ezingama-30 ukuya kwezingama-45 kwaye zibola ngokupheleleyo emva kweentsuku ezingama-60.
“Ukwenza izikhongozeli zokutya akuyonto ilula. Akufanele zibole kuphela,” utshilo uZhu. “Kwelinye icala, sifuna izinto ezikhuselekileyo ekutyeni; kwelinye icala, isikhongozeli kufuneka sibe namandla aphezulu oomatshini xa simanzi kwaye sicoceke kakhulu, kuba siza kusetyenziselwa ukugcina ikofu eshushu kunye nesidlo sasemini esishushu.”
Abaphandi bongeze i-alkyl ketenedimer (AKD), ikhemikhali enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo esetyenziswa kakhulu kwishishini lokutya, ukuphucula ukumelana neoyile namanzi kwisitya esibunjiweyo, ukuqinisekisa ukuqina kwiindawo ezifumileyo. Ngesi sithako, esi sitya sitsha sisebenze ngcono kunezinye izikhongozeli zokutya ezinokubola ezithengiswayo, ezifana nezinye izitya zeswekile kunye neebhokisi zamaqanda, ngamandla oomatshini, ukumelana neoyile, kunye nokungabi natyhefu.
Iikomityi ezenziwe ngabaphandi zinenye inzuzo: umlinganiselo wekhabhoni ophantsi kakhulu. Inkqubo yokuvelisa imveliso entsha ivelisa i-CO2 engaphantsi ngama-97% kunezikhongozeli zeplastiki eziqhelekileyo, kunye ne-65% engaphantsi kunephepha kunye neplastiki ebolayo. Injongo elandelayo yeqela kukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kwenkqubo yokuvelisa kunye nokunciphisa iindleko ukuze ikwazi ukukhuphisana neplastiki. Nangona iikomityi ezenziwe ngezinto ezintsha zibiza kabini kunezo zenziwe ngeplastiki ebolayo ($2,333 ngetoni) kunezo zenziwe ngeplastiki ebolayo ($4,750 ngetoni), iikomityi zeplastiki zemveli zisabiza kancinci ($2,177 ngetoni).
“Kunzima ukunqanda abantu ekusebenziseni izikhongozeli ezilahlwayo kuba zibiza kancinci kwaye zilula,” utshilo uZhu. “Kodwa ndicinga ukuba isisombululo esilungileyo kukusebenzisa izinto ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo nezibolayo ukuvelisa ezi zikhongozeli ezilahlwayo.”
Umthombo: Liu Chao, Luan Pengcheng, Li Qiang, Cheng Zheng, Sun Xiao, Cao Daxian, kunye noZhu Hongli, “Iitafile ezibolayo, ezicocekileyo, nezinokubola ezenziwe ngeeFibers zeSugarcane-Bamboo Hybrid njengenye indlela endaweni yePlastiki,” Matter, ngoNovemba 12, 2020. DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2020.10.004
Ixesha leposi: Septemba-10-2025